| 英文摘要 |
There are two parts in this project. The first part focused on the competition of worldwide ornamental fish feed among Mainland China and southeast Asia countries and analysis of the dominance and future strategies of Taiwan ornamental fish feed. The second part focused on the estimation of the efficiency and the enhanced pigments of eleven ornamental fish feeds and the certification standards for enhanced pigment of ornamental fish feed and formula standards for special functional fish feed. Taiwan has advantages in ornamental fish culturing environment, advanced culturing system, breeding technology and biotechnology. Ornamental fish markets have been shown increasing demand, and following up the demand of ornamental fish feed. Hence, government should encourage ornamental fish industry to develop and promote products in the worldwide. We focused on four topics concerning the ornamental fish:1) the competition of worldwide ornamental fish feed among Mainland China, and southeast Asia countries; 2) to analyze the dominance and future strategies of Taiwan ornamental fish feed; 3) to estimate the efficiency and to analyze the enhanced pigments of ornamental fish feed; 4) to set the certification standards for enhanced pigment of ornamental fish feed and formula standards for special functional fish feed. Also, we visited two local feed manufacture companies and discuss how much pigment should be included in the diets. Through the development of certification standard of ornamental fish feed, we can promote this industry into the top one level of the worldwide. The survey on ornamental fish feed industry in Taiwan is to understand the value of domestic sale and export in recent year and compare the domestic and international brand in Taiwan on manufacturing technology, quality, marketing and etc. The survey questionnaire and interviews with producers and consumers in 2013 ornamental fish Expo to understand the current market situation and preference of ornamental fish feed. Totally, 11 feed producers and brand owners were interviewed face to face or on phone. Survey results show that in 2012 year the domestic value and export value of ornamental fish feed is 165 million and 265 million NT, respectively and the total value is 430 million NT. The Asia area exclude China and Japan has the highest percentage of 23.8% of the total value. On the results of consumer survey, 470 among the total of 492 questionnaires is valid. It showed that 34% consumers concerned the brand of the feed and 56% of consumer is willing to pay 100-500 NT in single purchase. The most well-known domestic brand for consumers in Taiwan is 56% and the most users’ brand is 30% of those responders. Among those international brands in Taiwan, the most well-known brand for consumers is 40% and the most users’ brand is 58% of those responders. On the competitive analysis, the biggest advantage of Taiwan's ornamental fish feed industry is processing technology and formulation. Although domestic feed company have the ability to produce high-quality ornamental fish feed, the ability of marketing brand in the world is inferior to Europe, America and Japan. In the future, Taiwan has to strengthen the marketing strategy, which is the way to expand world market for Taiwanese ornamental fish feed.4.09 g fish were fed with eleven commercial enhanced pigment feeds coming from domestic and foreign countries for two weeks. A control diet without pigment included was made by us. The efficiency of pigmentation was estimated by the color chip, digital image acquisition and processing (DIAP), and HPLC analysis. We also made questionnaires to investigate the behavior of the ornamental fish consumers. There were no significant different weigh gain of fish fed control and commercial diets. The astaxanthin concentration of commercial diets ranged from 5.7 to 1164.2 mg/kg. After one week feeding, the astaxanthin concentrations of fish fin of D grouper, the fish skin of C group and the fish muscle of I group showed the highest levels, 26.96 + 1.75, 22.28 + 0.14 and 18.55 + 0.14 mg/kg, respectively. However, after two weeks feeding, the astaxanthin concentrations of fish fin of B group, and the fish skin and fish muscle of E group showed the highest levels, 26.97 + 1.75, 20.74 + 0.37, and 7.6 + 0.17 mg/kg, respectively. Through DIAP observation, the highest level of L*, a*, b*, C* and H* values were found in H group (55), J group (22), D group (30), E group (35) and control group (1.4), respectively. Through color chip observation, the highest level was found in D group (43) and the lowest level was found in K group (16). The questionnaire was distributed to the ornamental fish trade show during October. From this survey, we know the following facts: 1) Taiwanese consumers like to raise small size ornamental fish; 2) they like the colorful ornamental fish; 3) they can afford 100g diet with below 250 NT dollars; 4) they are used to buy the domestic diets rather than alien diets. |
