| 英文摘要 |
In the waters of Formosa, marine fishery resource is very prosperous due to her favorable ocean condition. However, the efficiency of fisheries management to date has often been limited on maximizing catch of a single target species and often ignores habitat, predators, prey of the target species, other ecosystem components and interactions. The indirect social and economic costs of the focus on single species can be substantial. In order to carry out adequate marine protection and fishery development policy, in this study we collected and reviewed international guideline and codes, fishery and ecosystem database, habitat related references, and the opinions from experts in the seminars held during the project. With the comprehensive information collected, we design a GIS system, an example for future development, to integrate habitat information of fishery organisms in the Northern Taiwan.
To address the critical need for a more effective and holistic management approach, a variety of advisory panels have recommended ecosystem should be considered broadly and consistently in managing fisheries. Ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM) is a new direction for fishery management, essentially reversing the order of management priorities to start with the ecosystem rather than the target species. The overall objective of EBFM is to sustain healthy marine ecosystems and the fisheries they support.
Based on the purpose of EBFM, we need to generalize an Essential habitat system of marine resources from reference points, habitat information and fishery database. Such habitat system must delineate all marine habitats utilized by humans and other human impacts. Thus, most of the important report or declaration of international Ecosystem-based approach conferences are collected form 1999 to 2006. A framework of such habitat system has been figured out as containing 6 types of macro-habitat and 10 types of micro-habitat. To fulfill the content of framework, more than 294 references related to different habitat types were collected and integrated. Besides, the database of fishery activities and environmental factors were also included in the example system. We have at least established 6 economical important species with relatively complete habitat information in such system. As this study is more like a pilot study, we therefore make 5 recommendations in the report to guide future effort work for ecosystem-based fishery management. |