| 英文摘要 |
The objective of this research is to study Taiwan fishing activities and profit in the northeast part of Taiwan. This overlapping sea area has been claimed both by Japan and Taiwan which are the only nations that have the absolute authority of it. The fishing activities include five major fishes being captured, which are: tuna long line fishery, Danish seine fishery, torch light net fishing, trawl net fishery and purse seine for mackerel fishery. Fishing data have been recorded from Taiwan fisheries year books on a time series basis. The positions of fishing activities have been also recorded through VMS (Vessel Monitoring System) and VDR (Voyage Data Recorder). As a result, the resources exploitation data have been fully evaluated.
This research indicates that 90% of the Torch light net fishing activity has occurred in the overlapping zone since 1998. According to Purse seine for mackerel, a 99.9% of this fishing activity appeared in the overlapping area from 1982 to 2005. Between 2003 and 2007, 99.5% of the fishing activity with Danish seine operated in this disputed zone. Trawl-net fishing activity operated 100% within this zone in 2005.
The data for Tuna long line fishery has been collected for seven years (from 1998 to 2007) and covers the west Pacific Ocean (from 120o to 180o east longitude to 19.5o to 30.5o north latitude). These fishing vessels have been crossing over the border line issued by Taiwan government except in the years 2002 and 2004.
The VMS data bank shows that most of the Tuna long line vessels have been managed within borders of the international sea since 2006 to 2008(data from April to June) with the exception of a few vessels.
The total revenues of these five fishing activities in the overlapping sea area are fairly good. Analysis of the production value of each fishery in the overlapping area showed that the production value of tuna long line fishery was between $980 thousand and $12.3 million NT, which consisted of 0.59 to 11.4% of the total sampled vessels from 1998 to 2007. The production value of the Danish seine fishery was between $10 million and $31.51 million NT, it was 0.23 to 19.04% of the total sampled vessels from 2003 to 2007. The production value of the Torch light net fishery was between $15.02 million and $29.83 million NT, it was 35.04 to 75.38% of the total sampled vessels from 1998 to 2007. The production value of trawl net fishery was $920 thousand NT and it was a 3.6% of the total sampled vessels in 2005. The production value of the purse seine for mackerel fishery was between $8.55 million and $235.91 million NT, and it was a 17 to 81% of the total sampled vessels from 1982 to 2005.
Analysis of the unit cost output of each fishery activity in the overlapping area showed that for tuna long line fishery the unit cost output was between 0.0107 Kg and 0.0230 Kg from 1999 to 2006; Analysis of the unit tonnage output showed that the unit tonnage output of tuna long line fishers was between 6600 Kg and 42579 Kg from 1999 to 2006. Analysis of the unit cost output for the Danish seine fishery was between 0.0255 Kg and 0.1975 Kg from 1999 to 2006; Analysis of the unit tonnage output for the Danish seine fishery was between 7,351 Kg and 157,854 Kg from 1999 to 2006. Analysis of the unit cost output for Torch light net fishery was between 0.0017 Kg and 1.3483 Kg from 2000 to 2006. Analysis of the unit tonnage output for the Torch light net fishery was between467 Kg and 24,625 Kg from 2000 to 2006. Analysis of the unit cost output for the Trawl-net fishery was between 0.0032 Kg and 0.0595 Kg from 1999 to 2006. Analysis of the unit tonnage output for Trawl-net fishery was between 307 Kg and 49,387 Kg from 1999 to 2006.
Analysis of the unit cost output for Purse seine for mackerel fishery was between 0.0425 Kg and 0.1000 Kg from 2001 to 2006. Analysis of the unit tonnage output for Purse seine for mackerel fishery was between 25,097 Kg and 182,682 Kg from 2001 to 2006.
The data of fishing activities from South Korea and Japan showed the work sea area of yellow-fin tuna was really broad, because it covered the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Oceans. Most of the sea working area concentrated in the west Pacific Ocean and in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The sea working area of chub mackerel and Japanese jack mackerel concentrated in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The fishing vessels from South Korea and Japan did not usually worked on the overlapping sea area, but the fishing vessels from China worked on some specific seasons of the year beside the Pengjiayu area. |