| 英文摘要 |
In the present study, aquatic products such as milkfish (Chanos chanos) grown in fully saline or semi-saline water and large-mouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were used as the major ingredients, combined with Gracilaria (Gracilaria tenuistipitata), Chinese herbs, and other food materials, the minor ingredients, to design ten meals for the prevention of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in elderly people. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells were used to test the effects of the designed meals toward lipid and glucose metabolism as mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Animal studies were carried out to examine the lipid-reducing effects of the designed meals as well as the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of large-mouth bass consumption. Moreover, meridian energy analysis was conducted in the elderly participants to evaluate the influences of the designed meals on the twelve main meridians.
Since the ten meals were generated specifically for the elderly, they were highly accepted by the participants. However, Shen-qui bass soup (參歸鱸魚湯), Fu-ling da-zao milkfish soup (茯苓大棗虱目魚湯), and bass topped with Gracilaria (龍鬚菜滑鱸魚) were of higher scores among the ten meals. After four weeks of dietary treatment with the top three meals, the energy of the twelve main meridians of all elderly participants with hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia were increased. Consumption of Shen-qui bass soup exhibited the best effect on meridian energy.
Results of the expressions of PPARs by CHO-K1 cells indicate that the hydrolysates of saline and semi-saline milkfish proteins and the methanol extracts of Chinese herbs might have the potentials to reduce blood glucose level. In contrast, the hydrolysates of bass protein, the water-soluble polysaccharide extract of Gracilaria, and hot water extracts of Chinese herbs might have the potentials to lower blood lipid level.
Data collected from the animal studies reveal that the total cholesterol levels and other cholesterol index of rats were decreased after the feeding of bass, saline milkfish or semi-saline milkfish with or without adding Chinese herbs. Consumption of bass tended to increase hepatic and renal superoxide dismutase activities after the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide and inhibit hepatic lipid peroxidation in rats. In addition, bass consumption significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide in the lipopolysaccharide-injected animals and thus could alleviate the inflammatory reactions. |